Long non-coding RNA and microRNA identification in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Collaborative Research Program 2021-2023

Esophageal cancer is one of the 10 most common and deadly malignant tumors in the world [1]. About 14 090 149 new cases are diagnosed annually. In Kazakhstan, there is a high incidence of esophageal cancer, the incidence rate is 10.1: 100 000. In the cancer mortality rate in Kazakhstan, esophageal cancer among men occupies the 5th place, among women - the ninth place. Esophageal cancer is represented by two main forms - esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma,and ESCC is the predominant type [2]. While in the countries of Europe and America, esophageal adenocarcinoma is more common [3,4]. There is a tendency to form high risk groups in certain geographic areas, which may indicate a genetic component in these populations. This refers to the countries forming the so-called "Asian cancer belt", which includes the southern coast of the Caspian Sea in the west to North China in the east and the countries: Iran, Afghanistan, Mongolia, Central Asia and the Siberian part of Russia. Despite the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, in contrast to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is not sufficiently studied.