TY - JOUR
T1 - A constrained sequential power flow algorithm for VSC-high voltage DC grids compensated by PFCs
AU - Heidari Yazdi, Seyed Saeid
AU - Hajizadeh, Amin
AU - Bagheri, Mehdi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Collaborative Research Project (CRP) grant, Nazarbayev University (Project no. 021220CRP0322), and in part by the Faculty Development Competitive Research Grant (FDCRG), Nazarbayev University (Project no. 021220FD1251).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/11
Y1 - 2023/11
N2 - Upcoming HVDC systems will include multiple power flow controllers (PFCs). Frequent activation/deactivation of the PFCs will complicate the implementation of unified DC power flow (PF) algorithms; because, the DC system equations, variables, and the Jacobian matrix would be changed. To address these challenges, decoupled sets of equations are developed for the uncompensated HVDC grid and PFCs, and a sequential DC PF algorithm is proposed. The PF equations of the uncompensated HVDC grid are solved using the Newton-Raphson (N-R) method and the grid voltages are computed over the first sequence. The impacts of PFCs are proposed to be modeled through constant and artificially injected powers (AIPs) to the grid's buses. The computed system voltages are transferred to the second sequence to solve equations of each PFC, compute their variables (duty cycle and voltage of their intermediary capacitor), and update their associated AIPs. A modular method is also proposed to handle the system's technical limits by properly activating PFCs and altering system references. Several static and dynamic simulations are conducted to verify the accuracy, efficiency, and computational burden of the newly proposed AIPs, sequential algorithm, and handling method.
AB - Upcoming HVDC systems will include multiple power flow controllers (PFCs). Frequent activation/deactivation of the PFCs will complicate the implementation of unified DC power flow (PF) algorithms; because, the DC system equations, variables, and the Jacobian matrix would be changed. To address these challenges, decoupled sets of equations are developed for the uncompensated HVDC grid and PFCs, and a sequential DC PF algorithm is proposed. The PF equations of the uncompensated HVDC grid are solved using the Newton-Raphson (N-R) method and the grid voltages are computed over the first sequence. The impacts of PFCs are proposed to be modeled through constant and artificially injected powers (AIPs) to the grid's buses. The computed system voltages are transferred to the second sequence to solve equations of each PFC, compute their variables (duty cycle and voltage of their intermediary capacitor), and update their associated AIPs. A modular method is also proposed to handle the system's technical limits by properly activating PFCs and altering system references. Several static and dynamic simulations are conducted to verify the accuracy, efficiency, and computational burden of the newly proposed AIPs, sequential algorithm, and handling method.
KW - HVDC grid
KW - Interline current flow controller
KW - sequential power flow algorithm
KW - voltage source converter (VSC)
KW - wind farm
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85165082443&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85165082443&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109356
DO - 10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109356
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85165082443
SN - 0142-0615
VL - 153
JO - International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems
JF - International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems
M1 - 109356
ER -