TY - JOUR
T1 - A pore-scale study on improving CTAB foam stability in heavy crude oil−water system using TiO2 nanoparticles
AU - Panahpoori, Donya
AU - Rezvani, Hosein
AU - Parsaei, Rafat
AU - Riazi, Masoud
N1 - Funding Information:
The experimental cost of this study was paid by research grant of Dr. Parsaei and Dr. Riazi, provided by Shiraz University .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/12
Y1 - 2019/12
N2 - The main challenge of foam injection for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is foam stability at harsh reservoir conditions. With regard to this matter, this research aims to investigate the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in improving the stability of foam bubbles in porous media. The conductivity of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solutions was measured to determine critical micelle concentration (CMC). Thereafter, TiO2 NPs were added into the foam solution and pH, contact angle, and interfacial tension (IFT) in the presence and absence of CTAB were measured. The stability of foam bubbles was evaluated through bulk foam tests and absorbance measurements. Finally, different nanofluids (at the concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.10 wt%), nano-CTAB solutions (at the concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.1 wt% NPs at the CMC of CTAB) and foams (at the concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.1 wt% NPs and at the CMC of CTAB) were injected into a heavy oil saturated heterogeneous porous medium. The results of the conductivity measurements showed that the highest adsorption of CTAB molecules onto the NPs surfaces occurs at 0.03 wt% NPs and 0.03 wt% CTAB. The results of micro- and macroscopic images from bulk foam tests revealed improved foam stability for this nano-CTAB foam. Moreover, contact angle and IFT results showed further improvement in interfacial properties for the mixture of NPs and CTAB solutions. Ultimately, in terms of oil recovery, the highest oil recovery factor (54%) was observed upon injection of foam with 0.03 wt% TiO2 NPs and 0.03 wt% CTAB, compared to the 22% recovery factor of DW injection. The visualization experiments showed that 32% enhancement in the recovery factor was mainly due to oil production from dead−end pores. This was because of different functions of NPs including stabilization of foam bubbles, wettability alteration, and improved foam generation mechanisms.
AB - The main challenge of foam injection for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is foam stability at harsh reservoir conditions. With regard to this matter, this research aims to investigate the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in improving the stability of foam bubbles in porous media. The conductivity of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solutions was measured to determine critical micelle concentration (CMC). Thereafter, TiO2 NPs were added into the foam solution and pH, contact angle, and interfacial tension (IFT) in the presence and absence of CTAB were measured. The stability of foam bubbles was evaluated through bulk foam tests and absorbance measurements. Finally, different nanofluids (at the concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.10 wt%), nano-CTAB solutions (at the concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.1 wt% NPs at the CMC of CTAB) and foams (at the concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.1 wt% NPs and at the CMC of CTAB) were injected into a heavy oil saturated heterogeneous porous medium. The results of the conductivity measurements showed that the highest adsorption of CTAB molecules onto the NPs surfaces occurs at 0.03 wt% NPs and 0.03 wt% CTAB. The results of micro- and macroscopic images from bulk foam tests revealed improved foam stability for this nano-CTAB foam. Moreover, contact angle and IFT results showed further improvement in interfacial properties for the mixture of NPs and CTAB solutions. Ultimately, in terms of oil recovery, the highest oil recovery factor (54%) was observed upon injection of foam with 0.03 wt% TiO2 NPs and 0.03 wt% CTAB, compared to the 22% recovery factor of DW injection. The visualization experiments showed that 32% enhancement in the recovery factor was mainly due to oil production from dead−end pores. This was because of different functions of NPs including stabilization of foam bubbles, wettability alteration, and improved foam generation mechanisms.
KW - CTAB foam
KW - EOR
KW - Foam stability
KW - Glass micromodel
KW - TiO nanoparticle
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071486967&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85071486967&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106411
DO - 10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106411
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85071486967
SN - 0920-4105
VL - 183
JO - Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering
JF - Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering
M1 - 106411
ER -