Abstract
This study evaluates the toxicity and genotoxicity levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples collected at several locations of a megacity (Istanbul, Turkey) with different urban and industrial characteristics. The ambient air samples, in the form of a coarse fraction of inhalable particulates, PM2.5-10, were collected on Teflon filters using a passive sampling method on a monthly basis during a one-year period. Later, they were extracted into both the lipophilic and hydrophilic phases using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ultra-pure water, respectively. The obtained aqueous extracts were tested for acute toxicity and genotoxicity using the photo-luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri Microtox® and SOS Chromotest® assays, respectively. Statistically significant differences greater than background levels were obtained in both measurements, indicating the presence of toxic substances absorbed on particulate matter. The PM2.5-10 extracts identified significant seasonal and locational differences in the toxicity and genotoxicity levels. Local anthropogenic activities and factors were associated with the quantified higher levels. Finally, a qualitative inner comparison study of regional toxicity and genotoxicity indexes was suggested to provide a clearer picture of the pollution and risk levels (or occurrences) in the Istanbul urban area. In this indexing study, the threshold levels for the urban background and episodic occurrences of the toxicity and genotoxicity levels in PM2.5-10 samples were identified to be 1.11 TU (Toxicity Unit) and 8.73 TU and 0.72 IF (Induction Factor) and 1.38 IF, respectively.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 490-498 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Chemosphere |
| Volume | 174 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - May 1 2017 |
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Keywords
- Air quality monitoring
- Genotoxicity
- Microtox
- PM
- SOS Chromotest
- Toxicity
- Vibrio fischeri
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- Environmental Chemistry
Cite this
A toxicological and genotoxicological indexing study of ambient aerosols (PM2.5-10) using in vitro bioassays. / Aammi, Saida; Karaca, Ferhat; Petek, Mustafa.
In: Chemosphere, Vol. 174, 01.05.2017, p. 490-498.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A toxicological and genotoxicological indexing study of ambient aerosols (PM2.5-10) using in vitro bioassays.
AU - Aammi, Saida
AU - Karaca, Ferhat
AU - Petek, Mustafa
PY - 2017/5/1
Y1 - 2017/5/1
N2 - This study evaluates the toxicity and genotoxicity levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples collected at several locations of a megacity (Istanbul, Turkey) with different urban and industrial characteristics. The ambient air samples, in the form of a coarse fraction of inhalable particulates, PM2.5-10, were collected on Teflon filters using a passive sampling method on a monthly basis during a one-year period. Later, they were extracted into both the lipophilic and hydrophilic phases using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ultra-pure water, respectively. The obtained aqueous extracts were tested for acute toxicity and genotoxicity using the photo-luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri Microtox® and SOS Chromotest® assays, respectively. Statistically significant differences greater than background levels were obtained in both measurements, indicating the presence of toxic substances absorbed on particulate matter. The PM2.5-10 extracts identified significant seasonal and locational differences in the toxicity and genotoxicity levels. Local anthropogenic activities and factors were associated with the quantified higher levels. Finally, a qualitative inner comparison study of regional toxicity and genotoxicity indexes was suggested to provide a clearer picture of the pollution and risk levels (or occurrences) in the Istanbul urban area. In this indexing study, the threshold levels for the urban background and episodic occurrences of the toxicity and genotoxicity levels in PM2.5-10 samples were identified to be 1.11 TU (Toxicity Unit) and 8.73 TU and 0.72 IF (Induction Factor) and 1.38 IF, respectively.
AB - This study evaluates the toxicity and genotoxicity levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples collected at several locations of a megacity (Istanbul, Turkey) with different urban and industrial characteristics. The ambient air samples, in the form of a coarse fraction of inhalable particulates, PM2.5-10, were collected on Teflon filters using a passive sampling method on a monthly basis during a one-year period. Later, they were extracted into both the lipophilic and hydrophilic phases using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ultra-pure water, respectively. The obtained aqueous extracts were tested for acute toxicity and genotoxicity using the photo-luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri Microtox® and SOS Chromotest® assays, respectively. Statistically significant differences greater than background levels were obtained in both measurements, indicating the presence of toxic substances absorbed on particulate matter. The PM2.5-10 extracts identified significant seasonal and locational differences in the toxicity and genotoxicity levels. Local anthropogenic activities and factors were associated with the quantified higher levels. Finally, a qualitative inner comparison study of regional toxicity and genotoxicity indexes was suggested to provide a clearer picture of the pollution and risk levels (or occurrences) in the Istanbul urban area. In this indexing study, the threshold levels for the urban background and episodic occurrences of the toxicity and genotoxicity levels in PM2.5-10 samples were identified to be 1.11 TU (Toxicity Unit) and 8.73 TU and 0.72 IF (Induction Factor) and 1.38 IF, respectively.
KW - Air quality monitoring
KW - Genotoxicity
KW - Microtox
KW - PM
KW - SOS Chromotest
KW - Toxicity
KW - Vibrio fischeri
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85011796786&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85011796786&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.141
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.141
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85011796786
VL - 174
SP - 490
EP - 498
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
ER -