An Agent based Energy Market Model for Microgrids with Distributed Energy Storage Systems

In this paper, an agent based energy market model is proposed for microgrids with Distributed Energy Storage Systems (DESS) such as building integrated storage systems and PEVs with V2G. The uniqueness of the proposed market model is that the charging and discharging schedules of DESSs is prepared through an auction mechanism which relies on the real-time energy supply and demand in the microgrid instead of day-ahead forecast. In this market model, the energy trading occurs in two phases, primary and secondary. In the primary phase, the energy supply bids of DGs in the microgrid are settled against the energy demand bids of end-nsers. The imbalances between demand and supply are handled in the second phase nsing DESSs. The charging and discharging bids by DESSs are prepared by using the proposed bidding models. The model is developed as a multi-agent system with agents delegating DGs, loads, DESSs, auctioneers in the market. The proposed multi-agent system is tested on a microgrid case study system to verify its efficacy.