TY - JOUR
T1 - Crosslinking multilayer graphene by gas cluster ion bombardment
AU - Almassov, Nurlan
AU - Kirkpatrick, Sean
AU - Alsar, Zhanna
AU - Serik, Nurzhan
AU - Spitas, Christos
AU - Kostas, Konstantinos
AU - Insepov, Zinetula
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Nazarbayev University Collaborative Research Project (CRP): “Development of smart passive-active multiscale composite structure for earth Remote Sensing Satellites (RSS) of ultrahigh resolution (ULTRASAT)”, Grant Award Nr. 091019CRP2115.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - In this paper, we demonstrate a new, highly efficient method of crosslinking multilayer graphene, and create nanopores in it by its irradiation with low-energy argon cluster ions. Irradiation was performed by argon cluster ions with an acceleration energy E ≈ 30 keV, and total fluence of argon cluster ions ranging from 1 × 109 to 1 × 1014 ions/cm2. The results of the bombardment were observed by the direct examination of traces of argon-cluster penetration in multilayer graphene, using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Further image processing revealed an average pore diameter of approximately 3 nm, with the predominant size corresponding to 2 nm. We anticipate that a controlled cross-linking process in multilayer graphene can be achieved by appropriately varying irradiation energy, dose, and type of clusters. We believe that this method is very promising for modulating the properties of multilayer graphene, and opens new possibilities for creating three-dimensional nanomaterials.
AB - In this paper, we demonstrate a new, highly efficient method of crosslinking multilayer graphene, and create nanopores in it by its irradiation with low-energy argon cluster ions. Irradiation was performed by argon cluster ions with an acceleration energy E ≈ 30 keV, and total fluence of argon cluster ions ranging from 1 × 109 to 1 × 1014 ions/cm2. The results of the bombardment were observed by the direct examination of traces of argon-cluster penetration in multilayer graphene, using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Further image processing revealed an average pore diameter of approximately 3 nm, with the predominant size corresponding to 2 nm. We anticipate that a controlled cross-linking process in multilayer graphene can be achieved by appropriately varying irradiation energy, dose, and type of clusters. We believe that this method is very promising for modulating the properties of multilayer graphene, and opens new possibilities for creating three-dimensional nanomaterials.
KW - Cross-linking
KW - Ion beam processing
KW - Multilayer graphene
KW - Spectroscopy
KW - TEM
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U2 - 10.3390/membranes12010027
DO - 10.3390/membranes12010027
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85121865062
SN - 2077-0375
VL - 12
JO - Membranes
JF - Membranes
IS - 1
M1 - 27
ER -