Fiber Optic Biosensors

In this article, optical fiber biosensors (OFB) are presented, discussing the main typologies of sensors and interrogation methods, as well as some of the main applications. OFB are a powerful technology for the selective detection of biological analytes, and therefore represent a key alternative technology for diagnostic purposes. High performance with low limit of detection, capability to detect in liquids through robust functionalization methods, minimal invasiveness thanks to a miniature form factor, and multiplexing possibility represent the most important assets of OFB technologies, pointing towards advanced applications. This article provides a background on the main methods for OFB devices, with particular emphasis on gratings, interferometers, plasmonic devices, and low-cost solutions, and closes by describing some of the most recent trends and emerging technologies within the field.