TY - JOUR
T1 - Fiber Optic Refractive Index Distributed Multi-Sensors by Scattering-Level Multiplexing with MgO Nanoparticle-Doped Fibers
AU - Ayupova, Takhmina
AU - Tosi, Daniele
AU - Shaimerdenova, Madina
AU - Korganbayev, Sanzhar
AU - Sypabekova, Marzhan
AU - Bekmurzayeva, Aliya
AU - Blanc, Wilfried
AU - Sales, Salvador
AU - Guo, Tuan
AU - Molardi, Carlo
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received September 13, 2019; revised November 10, 2019; accepted November 10, 2019. Date of publication November 15, 2019; date of current version February 5, 2020. This work was supported in part IBER optic refractive index (RI) sensors are impor-
Funding Information:
FOSTHERGrants),inpartbytheAgenceNationaledelaRechercheFbytheORAUProgrammeatNazarbayev University (LIFESTART andtant tools for the detection of the properties of media, (ANR) Project NanoSlim under Grant ANR-17-17-CE08-0002, in part and play an important role in environmental science [1], by the National Natural Science Foundation for Excellent Youth Foun-gas detection [2], and biosensors [3]. RI sensors mea-GuangdongNaturalScienceFoundationunderGrant2018B030311006,dationofChinaunderGrant61722505,inpartbytheKeyProgramof sure the refractive index surrounding an optical fiber device, andinpartbyTheSpanishMinistryofEconomyandCompetitiveness which is engineered to sense the difference between the under Grant DIMENSION TEC2017 88029-R. The associate editor inner and external refractive indices. In several applica-wasProf.MarcoPetrovich.(Correspondingauthor:DanieleTosi.)coordinatingthereviewofthis article andapprovingit forpublication tions, these sensors are directly used to detect the RI T.Ayupova,M.Shaimerdenova,andS.KorganbayevarewiththeLab- changes in liquids or gases, in real time. Most notably, oratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, National Laboratory Astana, RI sensors constitute the platform for fiber-optic biosen-madina.shaimerdenova@nu.edu.kz;skorganbayev@nu.edu.kz).010000Astana,Kazakhstan(e-mail:takhmina.ayupova@nu.edu.kz; sors [3]–[5], which are RI sensors functionalized by means M. Sypabekova, A. Bekmurzayeva, and D. Tosi are with the of surface chemistry to the selective detection of biological Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioinstruments, National Laboratory analytes [5]. Engineering, NazarbayevUniversity, 010000Astana,KazakhstanAstana, 010000Astana,Kazakhstan,and alsowith theSchoolof Traditionally, RI sensors and biosensors are designed by (e-mail: msypabekova@nu.edu.kz; abekmurzayeva@nu.edu.kz; using optical reflectors or transmission filters, which change daniele.tosi@nu.edu.kz). their spectra as a function of the surrounding RI. A first 06108Nice,France(e-mail:wilfried.blanc@unice.fr).W.BlanciswithINPHYNI–CNRSUMR7010,UniversitéCôted’Azur, group of RI sensors makes use of Fiber Bragg Grating S.SalesiswiththeInstitute ofTelecommunicationsandMultimedia (FBG) devices [6]–[10]. While uniform FBGs are not sen- Applications (iTEAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valen-sitive to RI, it is possible to use an etched FBG (EFBG), T.GuoiswiththeGuangdongProvincialKeyLaboratoryofOpticalFibercia,Spain(e-mail:ssales@dcom.upv.es). in which the fiber diameter is thinned in proximity of the SensingandCommunications,InstituteofPhotonicsTechnology,Jinan grating introduce a RI sensitivity [6], [7], or a tilted FBG University, Guangzhou 510632, China (e-mail: tuanguo@jnu.edu.cn). (TFBG), a broadband transmission device in which multi-010000Astana,Kazakhstan(e-mail:carlo.molardi@nu.edu.kz).C.MolardiiswiththeSchoolofEngineering,NazarbayevUniversity, ple cladding modes change spectral amplitude and wave-DigitalObjectIdentifier10.1109/JSEN.2019.2953231 length as a function of the RI [3], [8]. Schemes based on 1558-1748 © 2019 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See https://www.ieee.org/publications/rights/index.html for more information.
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - In this work, we present the architecture of a multiplexed refractive index (RI) sensing system based on the interrogation of Rayleigh backscattering. The RI sensors are fabricated by fiber wet-etching of a high-scattering MgO nanoparticle-doped fiber, without the need for a reflector or plasmonic element. Interrogation is performed by means of optical backscatter reflectometry (OBR), which allows a detection with a millimeter-level spatial resolution. Multiplexing consists of a simultaneous scan of multiple fibers, achieved by means of scattering-level multiplexing (SLMux) concept, which uses the backscattered power level in each location as a diversity element. The sensors fabricated have sensitivity in the order of 0.473-0.568 nm/RIU (in one sensing point) and have been simultaneously detected together with a distributed temperature sensing element for multi-parameter measurement. An experimental setup has been prepared to demonstrate the capability of each sensing region to operate without cross-talk, while operating multi-fiber detection.
AB - In this work, we present the architecture of a multiplexed refractive index (RI) sensing system based on the interrogation of Rayleigh backscattering. The RI sensors are fabricated by fiber wet-etching of a high-scattering MgO nanoparticle-doped fiber, without the need for a reflector or plasmonic element. Interrogation is performed by means of optical backscatter reflectometry (OBR), which allows a detection with a millimeter-level spatial resolution. Multiplexing consists of a simultaneous scan of multiple fibers, achieved by means of scattering-level multiplexing (SLMux) concept, which uses the backscattered power level in each location as a diversity element. The sensors fabricated have sensitivity in the order of 0.473-0.568 nm/RIU (in one sensing point) and have been simultaneously detected together with a distributed temperature sensing element for multi-parameter measurement. An experimental setup has been prepared to demonstrate the capability of each sensing region to operate without cross-talk, while operating multi-fiber detection.
KW - Refractive index sensor
KW - distributed sensing
KW - multiplexing
KW - optical backscatter reflectometry
KW - optical fiber sensors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079694542&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85079694542&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2953231
DO - 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2953231
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85079694542
VL - 20
SP - 2504
EP - 2510
JO - IEEE Sensors Journal
JF - IEEE Sensors Journal
SN - 1530-437X
IS - 5
M1 - 8902068
ER -