TY - JOUR
T1 - Game-Theoretic Approaches for Energy Cooperation in Energy Harvesting Small Cell Networks
AU - Reyhanian, Navid
AU - Maham, Behrouz
AU - Shah-Mansouri, Vahid
AU - Tushar, Wayes
AU - Yuen, Chau
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received January 21, 2016; revised July 12, 2016 and November 2, 2016; accepted December 27, 2016. Date of publication January 16, 2017; date of current version August 11, 2017. This work was supported in part by the University of Minnesota, in part by the Singapore Grant NRF2015ENC-GBICRD001-028, and in part by the SUTD-MIT International Design Center. This paper was presented in part at the IEEE 26th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Hong Kong, August 30–September 2, 2015, and the IEEE International Conference on Communications, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, May 23–27, 2016. The review of this paper was coordinated by Dr. Y. Ji.
Publisher Copyright:
© 1967-2012 IEEE.
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/8
Y1 - 2017/8
N2 - Deploying small cells in cellular networks, as a technique for capacity and coverage enhancement, is an indispensable characteristic of future cellular networks. In this paper, two novel online approaches for enabling energy trading in multitier cellular networks with noncooperative energy-harvesting base stations (BSS) are proposed. The goal is to minimize the nonrenewable energy consumption in a multitier cellular network with an arbitrary number of tiers. In the first approach, a decentralized energy trading framework is established in which BSS are stimulated to compensate their energy shortage with the extra harvested energy from other BSS rather than using the nonrenewable energy. Matching theory is used to assign BSS with energy deficit to the BSS with extra harvested energy. In the second approach, which is centralized, BSS with extra harvested energy and BSS with energy deficit enter a double auction for energy trading. The centralized approach also motivates the BSS with deficient energy to use other BSS extra harvested energy and satisfies a number of properties including truthfulness, individual rationalities, and budget balance. Both approaches achieve Nash equilibrium and motivate noncooperative BSS to share their extra harvested energy. The extra harvested energy is exchanged by the smart grid. We show that the amount of information exchanged in the network to enable BSS to trade energy is reduced in the centralized algorithm compared to the decentralized algorithm at the expense of using a control center. Simulation results verify that the proposed approaches reduce the nonrenewable energy consumption conspicuously. Furthermore, by applying the proposed approaches, BSS gain more profit, and consequently, their utility functions enhance.
AB - Deploying small cells in cellular networks, as a technique for capacity and coverage enhancement, is an indispensable characteristic of future cellular networks. In this paper, two novel online approaches for enabling energy trading in multitier cellular networks with noncooperative energy-harvesting base stations (BSS) are proposed. The goal is to minimize the nonrenewable energy consumption in a multitier cellular network with an arbitrary number of tiers. In the first approach, a decentralized energy trading framework is established in which BSS are stimulated to compensate their energy shortage with the extra harvested energy from other BSS rather than using the nonrenewable energy. Matching theory is used to assign BSS with energy deficit to the BSS with extra harvested energy. In the second approach, which is centralized, BSS with extra harvested energy and BSS with energy deficit enter a double auction for energy trading. The centralized approach also motivates the BSS with deficient energy to use other BSS extra harvested energy and satisfies a number of properties including truthfulness, individual rationalities, and budget balance. Both approaches achieve Nash equilibrium and motivate noncooperative BSS to share their extra harvested energy. The extra harvested energy is exchanged by the smart grid. We show that the amount of information exchanged in the network to enable BSS to trade energy is reduced in the centralized algorithm compared to the decentralized algorithm at the expense of using a control center. Simulation results verify that the proposed approaches reduce the nonrenewable energy consumption conspicuously. Furthermore, by applying the proposed approaches, BSS gain more profit, and consequently, their utility functions enhance.
KW - Double auction
KW - energy harvesting
KW - energy trading
KW - matching theory
KW - multitier cellular network
KW - noncooperative base stations (BSS)
KW - nonrenewable energy
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U2 - 10.1109/TVT.2017.2652724
DO - 10.1109/TVT.2017.2652724
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85029472738
VL - 66
SP - 7178
EP - 7194
JO - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
JF - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
SN - 0018-9545
IS - 8
M1 - 7815443
ER -