Abstract
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) causes atrophy of gastrointestinal epithelia, so we asked whether lectins that stimulate epithelial proliferation can reverse this effect of TPN. Two lectins stimulate pancreatic proliferation by releasing CCK, so we asked whether lectins that stimulate gastrointestinal proliferation also release hormones that might mediate their effects. Six rats per group received continuous infusion of TPN and a once daily bolus dose of purified lectin (25 mg·rat-1·day-1) or vehicle alone (control group) for 4 days via an intragastric cannula. Proliferation rates were estimated by metaphase arrest, and hormones were measured by RIAs. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) increased proliferation by 90% in the gastric fundus (P <0.05), doubled proliferation in the small intestine (P <0.001), and had a small effect in the midcolon (P <0.05). Peanut agglutinin (PNA) had a minor trophic effect in the proximal small intestine (P <0.05) and increased proliferation by 166% in the proximal colon (P <0.001) and by 40% in the midcolon (P <0.001). PNA elevated circulating gastrin and CCK by 97 (P <0.05) and 81% (P <0.01), respectively, and PHA elevated plasma enteroglucagon by 69% and CCK by 60% (both P <0.05). Only wheat germ agglutinin increased the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 by 100% (P <0.05). PHA and PNA consistently reverse the fall in gastrointestinal and pancreatic growth associated with TPN in rats. Both lectins stimulated the release of specific hormones that may have been responsible for the trophic effects. It is suggested that lectins could be used to prevent gastrointestinal atrophy during TPN. Their hormone-releasing effects might be involved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology |
| Volume | 276 |
| Issue number | 5 39-5 |
| Publication status | Published - May 1999 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Colon
- Hormones
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
- Stomach
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Gastroenterology
- Physiology
- Physiology (medical)
Cite this
Gastrointestinal responses to a panel of lectins in rats maintained on total parenteral nutrition. / Jordinson, Mark; Goodlad, Robert A.; Brynes, Audrey; Bliss, Philip; Ghatei, Mohammad A.; Bloom, Stephen R.; Fitzgerald, Anthony; Grant, George; Bardocz, Susan; Pusztai, Arpad; Pignatelli, Massimo; Calam, John.
In: American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, Vol. 276, No. 5 39-5, 05.1999.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Gastrointestinal responses to a panel of lectins in rats maintained on total parenteral nutrition
AU - Jordinson, Mark
AU - Goodlad, Robert A.
AU - Brynes, Audrey
AU - Bliss, Philip
AU - Ghatei, Mohammad A.
AU - Bloom, Stephen R.
AU - Fitzgerald, Anthony
AU - Grant, George
AU - Bardocz, Susan
AU - Pusztai, Arpad
AU - Pignatelli, Massimo
AU - Calam, John
PY - 1999/5
Y1 - 1999/5
N2 - Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) causes atrophy of gastrointestinal epithelia, so we asked whether lectins that stimulate epithelial proliferation can reverse this effect of TPN. Two lectins stimulate pancreatic proliferation by releasing CCK, so we asked whether lectins that stimulate gastrointestinal proliferation also release hormones that might mediate their effects. Six rats per group received continuous infusion of TPN and a once daily bolus dose of purified lectin (25 mg·rat-1·day-1) or vehicle alone (control group) for 4 days via an intragastric cannula. Proliferation rates were estimated by metaphase arrest, and hormones were measured by RIAs. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) increased proliferation by 90% in the gastric fundus (P <0.05), doubled proliferation in the small intestine (P <0.001), and had a small effect in the midcolon (P <0.05). Peanut agglutinin (PNA) had a minor trophic effect in the proximal small intestine (P <0.05) and increased proliferation by 166% in the proximal colon (P <0.001) and by 40% in the midcolon (P <0.001). PNA elevated circulating gastrin and CCK by 97 (P <0.05) and 81% (P <0.01), respectively, and PHA elevated plasma enteroglucagon by 69% and CCK by 60% (both P <0.05). Only wheat germ agglutinin increased the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 by 100% (P <0.05). PHA and PNA consistently reverse the fall in gastrointestinal and pancreatic growth associated with TPN in rats. Both lectins stimulated the release of specific hormones that may have been responsible for the trophic effects. It is suggested that lectins could be used to prevent gastrointestinal atrophy during TPN. Their hormone-releasing effects might be involved.
AB - Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) causes atrophy of gastrointestinal epithelia, so we asked whether lectins that stimulate epithelial proliferation can reverse this effect of TPN. Two lectins stimulate pancreatic proliferation by releasing CCK, so we asked whether lectins that stimulate gastrointestinal proliferation also release hormones that might mediate their effects. Six rats per group received continuous infusion of TPN and a once daily bolus dose of purified lectin (25 mg·rat-1·day-1) or vehicle alone (control group) for 4 days via an intragastric cannula. Proliferation rates were estimated by metaphase arrest, and hormones were measured by RIAs. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) increased proliferation by 90% in the gastric fundus (P <0.05), doubled proliferation in the small intestine (P <0.001), and had a small effect in the midcolon (P <0.05). Peanut agglutinin (PNA) had a minor trophic effect in the proximal small intestine (P <0.05) and increased proliferation by 166% in the proximal colon (P <0.001) and by 40% in the midcolon (P <0.001). PNA elevated circulating gastrin and CCK by 97 (P <0.05) and 81% (P <0.01), respectively, and PHA elevated plasma enteroglucagon by 69% and CCK by 60% (both P <0.05). Only wheat germ agglutinin increased the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 by 100% (P <0.05). PHA and PNA consistently reverse the fall in gastrointestinal and pancreatic growth associated with TPN in rats. Both lectins stimulated the release of specific hormones that may have been responsible for the trophic effects. It is suggested that lectins could be used to prevent gastrointestinal atrophy during TPN. Their hormone-releasing effects might be involved.
KW - Colon
KW - Hormones
KW - Pancreas
KW - Small intestine
KW - Stomach
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033018541&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0033018541&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 10330015
AN - SCOPUS:0033018541
VL - 276
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
SN - 0193-1857
IS - 5 39-5
ER -