INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY RATES OF STROKES IN KAZAKHSTAN

Background and aims: There is a lack of information on epidemiology of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in developing countries. This research presents the incidence and mortality rate of stroke patients based on hospital admission and discharge status in Kazakhstan.
Methods: The registry data of 177,947 patients admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of stroke between 2014 and 2019 were extracted from the Unified National Electronic Health System. We provide descriptive statistics of socio-demographic and medical characteristics. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier estimation and Cox regression is performed.
Results: Among all patients, who had at least one episode of stroke, 84,255 (47%) were females. Majority of patients had an acute ischemic stroke (n=138542, 78%), while the admission of intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage patients was notably lower (34262 (19%) and 5143 (3%) respectively). The incidence and mortality rates based on admission and discharge status in 2014 were 1,905 and 240 per million population (PMP), respectively, which were different in 2019 (1,884 and 271 PMP, respectively). In 5 years of follow-up period, AIS patients had better outcome than SAH and ICH patients (64.7%, 63.1%, and 57.3% respectively) (Figure 1).
Conclusions: We describe for the first time in Kazakhstan an increase in the all-cause mortality rates based on discharge status of stroke patients, while the incidence rate decreased. We observed a statistically significant lower survival probability in ICH patients compared to ones who had an episode of AIS or SAH.