KAZAKH NATIONAL CONFRONTATION THROUGH THE “ALASH” MOVEMENT

The article is devoted to the history of the battle for liberation of the Kazakh national intelligentsia Alash in the early XX century. The political experience of Alash is directly connected with the unique history of Kazakh statehood. What does the experience of Alash teach us? What were the victories or failures of Alash? What is the relationship of the liberation struggle of Alash with the Turkic-speaking nations? The article analyzes the main milestones of the activity of the Alash movement beginning with the educational initiatives of its leaders, the formation of a printed culture, the propaganda of the liberation idea through its literary and scientific works. A certain stage in the political struggle was the creation of a national party of Alash, as the most appropriate tool for ethnopolitical consolidation of society. The culmination of Alash's activity was the proclamation of the National Autonomy of Alash and the government of Alashorda, where the members of the movement tried to defend national statehood militarily and intellectually in conditions of increasing Bolshevik expansion.