TY - JOUR
T1 - Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
T2 - State of the Art and Future Directions
AU - Ould Ely, Teyeb
AU - Kamzabek, Dana
AU - Chakraborty, Dhritiman
AU - Doherty, Michael F.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the Ministry of Education of Kazakhstan and the Government of Kazakhstan for financial support under the MES NU joint Grant 180/077-2015 as well as partial support from the targeted program 0115CK03029, research projects 5687/GF4 and 5097/GF4-1. We are also grateful for the U.S. National Science Foundation (Award No. CBET-1335694) for partial support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2018/5/29
Y1 - 2018/5/29
N2 - Sulfur remains in the spotlight as a future cathode candidate for the post-lithium-ion age. This is primarily due to its low cost and high discharge capacity, two critical requirements for any future cathode material that seeks to dominate the market of portable electronic devices, electric transportation, and electric-grid energy storage. However, before Li-S batteries replace lithium ion batteries, several technical challenges need to be solved. Among these challenges are polysulfide containment, the increase of sulfur loading (which must be ≥4-6 mg cm -2), the increase of sulfur fraction to ≥70%, the increase of sulfur utilization to ≥80%, the decrease of the electrolyte/sulfur weight ratio (which must be in the range of 3:1 or lower), and the stability of lithium anode material. Besides traditional carbon coating strategies, recent novel strategies addressing each of these challenges have been reported. The main purpose of this work is to review the state of the art and summarize and shed light on the most promising recent discoveries related to each challenge. This review also addresses the role of the electrolyte systems and electrocatalytic additives.
AB - Sulfur remains in the spotlight as a future cathode candidate for the post-lithium-ion age. This is primarily due to its low cost and high discharge capacity, two critical requirements for any future cathode material that seeks to dominate the market of portable electronic devices, electric transportation, and electric-grid energy storage. However, before Li-S batteries replace lithium ion batteries, several technical challenges need to be solved. Among these challenges are polysulfide containment, the increase of sulfur loading (which must be ≥4-6 mg cm -2), the increase of sulfur fraction to ≥70%, the increase of sulfur utilization to ≥80%, the decrease of the electrolyte/sulfur weight ratio (which must be in the range of 3:1 or lower), and the stability of lithium anode material. Besides traditional carbon coating strategies, recent novel strategies addressing each of these challenges have been reported. The main purpose of this work is to review the state of the art and summarize and shed light on the most promising recent discoveries related to each challenge. This review also addresses the role of the electrolyte systems and electrocatalytic additives.
KW - batteries beyond lithium
KW - electrocatalytic polysulfides conversion
KW - lithium anode protection
KW - lithium-sulfur batteries
KW - solid-state electrolytes
KW - sulfur cathode coating
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U2 - 10.1021/acsaem.7b00153
DO - 10.1021/acsaem.7b00153
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85059336018
SN - 2574-0962
VL - 1
SP - 1783
EP - 1814
JO - ACS Applied Energy Materials
JF - ACS Applied Energy Materials
IS - 5
ER -