Low temperature synthesis of carbon fibres and metal-filling carbon nanoparticles with laser irradiation into near-critical benzene

We irradiate near-critical benzene set at 290°C, in which either an alloy rod composed of mainly iron, chromium, and nickel is placed or copper complex molecules; bis(t-butylacetoacetato)copper(ii): Cu(tbaoac)₂, are dissolved, with the second (532 nm wavelength), third (355 nm), and fourth (266 nm) harmonics generated from a neodymium doped yttrium/aluminium/garnet (Nd:YAG) laser and show that carbon structures such as fibres, coils, and metal-filling carbon nanoparticles are efficiently produced. The operational temperature is 290°C, which is much lower than that in the conventional synthetic methods of nano materials, and the laser power density can be as low as 3.9 mW mm^-2.