Mineral Resource Classification Using Geostatistical and Fractal Simulation in the Masjed Daghi Cu–Mo Porphyry Deposit, NW Iran

Mineral resource classification is an important step in mineral exploration and mining engineering. In this study, copper and molybdenum resources were classified using a combination of the Turning Bands Simulation (TBSIM) and the Concentration–Volume (C–V) fractal model based on the Conditional Coefficient of Variation (CCV) for Cu realizations in the Masjed Daghi porphyry deposit, NW Iran. In this research, 100 scenarios for the local variability of copper were correspondingly simulated using the TBSIM and the CCVs were calculated for each realization. Furthermore, various populations for these CCVs were distinguished using C–V fractal modeling. The C–V log–log plots indicate a multifractal nature that shows a ring structure for the “Measured”, “Indicated”, and “Inferred” classes in this deposit. Then, the results obtained using this hybrid method were compared with the CCV–Tonnage graphs. Finally, the results obtained using the geostatistical and fractal simulation showed that the marginal parts of this deposit constitute inferred resources and need more information from exploration boreholes.