TY - JOUR
T1 - Removal of phosphorus from secondary effluents by coagulation and ultrafiltration
AU - Nir, Tomer
AU - Arkhangelsky, Elizabeth
AU - Levitsky, Inna
AU - Gitis, Vitaly
N1 - Funding Information:
Alfa-Laval Corporation and Dr. Frank Lipnizki are thanked for free membrane samples. E.A. thanks Israel Ministry of Science for an Eshkol Ph.D. fellowship.
PY - 2009/8
Y1 - 2009/8
N2 - Secondary effluents of municipal wastewater in Israel contain on average 10 mg/L phosphorus, a concentration that is twice as high as a limit recently legislated by the Israeli Ministry of Environment. Reduction of phosphorus concentration to the required level is often performed by biological methods, or by flocculation followed by sand filtration. The current study explores a different path of coagulation with FeCl3 followed by ultrafiltration. The results suggest a general applicability of the proposed treatment with a relatively significant phosphorus removal percentage of 54% achieved by a combination of 120 ppm of ferric chloride and polysulfone membranes with a molecular weight cut-off of 20 kDa. As the removal levels should be increased and concentration of the coagulant decreased, continuous optimization is warranted.
AB - Secondary effluents of municipal wastewater in Israel contain on average 10 mg/L phosphorus, a concentration that is twice as high as a limit recently legislated by the Israeli Ministry of Environment. Reduction of phosphorus concentration to the required level is often performed by biological methods, or by flocculation followed by sand filtration. The current study explores a different path of coagulation with FeCl3 followed by ultrafiltration. The results suggest a general applicability of the proposed treatment with a relatively significant phosphorus removal percentage of 54% achieved by a combination of 120 ppm of ferric chloride and polysulfone membranes with a molecular weight cut-off of 20 kDa. As the removal levels should be increased and concentration of the coagulant decreased, continuous optimization is warranted.
KW - Alum
KW - Ferric chloride
KW - Phosphorus removal
KW - Pretreatment
KW - Ultrafiltration membrane
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U2 - 10.5004/dwt.2009.686
DO - 10.5004/dwt.2009.686
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77954209011
SN - 1944-3994
VL - 8
SP - 24
EP - 30
JO - Desalination and Water Treatment
JF - Desalination and Water Treatment
IS - 1-3
ER -