Abstract
The filtration of phi X 174, MS2, and T4 bacteriophages out of tap water and secondary effluents was performed by rapid sand filtration. The viruses were characterized, and the influence of their microscopic characteristics on filterability was examined by comparing retention values, residence times, attachment, and dispersion coefficients calculated from an advection-dispersion model and residence time variation. The only factor observed to influence retention was virus size, such that the larger the virus, the better the retention. The difference was due to the more effective transport of viruses inside the media, an observation that runs counter to currently accepted filtration theory. Cake formation on top of the filter during the initial stages of secondary effluent filtration significantly increased headloss, eventually resulting in shorter filtration cycles. However, deep filters contain buffering zones where the pressure drop is amortized, thus allowing for continued filtration. After the effluent passed through the buffer zone, regular filtration was observed, during which considerable virus retention was achieved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 87-96 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Water Research |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jan 2009 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Granular filtration
- Municipal wastewater
- Virus
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Water Science and Technology
- Waste Management and Disposal
- Pollution
- Ecological Modelling
Cite this
Removal of viruses from surface water and secondary effluents by sand filtration. / Aronino, Revital; Dlugy, Christina; Arkhangelsky, Elizabeth; Shandalov, Semion; Oron, Gideon; Brenner, Asher; Gitis, Vitaly.
In: Water Research, Vol. 43, No. 1, 01.2009, p. 87-96.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Removal of viruses from surface water and secondary effluents by sand filtration
AU - Aronino, Revital
AU - Dlugy, Christina
AU - Arkhangelsky, Elizabeth
AU - Shandalov, Semion
AU - Oron, Gideon
AU - Brenner, Asher
AU - Gitis, Vitaly
PY - 2009/1
Y1 - 2009/1
N2 - The filtration of phi X 174, MS2, and T4 bacteriophages out of tap water and secondary effluents was performed by rapid sand filtration. The viruses were characterized, and the influence of their microscopic characteristics on filterability was examined by comparing retention values, residence times, attachment, and dispersion coefficients calculated from an advection-dispersion model and residence time variation. The only factor observed to influence retention was virus size, such that the larger the virus, the better the retention. The difference was due to the more effective transport of viruses inside the media, an observation that runs counter to currently accepted filtration theory. Cake formation on top of the filter during the initial stages of secondary effluent filtration significantly increased headloss, eventually resulting in shorter filtration cycles. However, deep filters contain buffering zones where the pressure drop is amortized, thus allowing for continued filtration. After the effluent passed through the buffer zone, regular filtration was observed, during which considerable virus retention was achieved.
AB - The filtration of phi X 174, MS2, and T4 bacteriophages out of tap water and secondary effluents was performed by rapid sand filtration. The viruses were characterized, and the influence of their microscopic characteristics on filterability was examined by comparing retention values, residence times, attachment, and dispersion coefficients calculated from an advection-dispersion model and residence time variation. The only factor observed to influence retention was virus size, such that the larger the virus, the better the retention. The difference was due to the more effective transport of viruses inside the media, an observation that runs counter to currently accepted filtration theory. Cake formation on top of the filter during the initial stages of secondary effluent filtration significantly increased headloss, eventually resulting in shorter filtration cycles. However, deep filters contain buffering zones where the pressure drop is amortized, thus allowing for continued filtration. After the effluent passed through the buffer zone, regular filtration was observed, during which considerable virus retention was achieved.
KW - Granular filtration
KW - Municipal wastewater
KW - Virus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=57949095092&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=57949095092&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.watres.2008.10.036
DO - 10.1016/j.watres.2008.10.036
M3 - Article
VL - 43
SP - 87
EP - 96
JO - Water Research
JF - Water Research
SN - 0043-1354
IS - 1
ER -