TY - JOUR
T1 - Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for protein determination in human urine
AU - Aitekenov, Sultan
AU - Sultangaziyev, Alisher
AU - Ilyas, Aisha
AU - Dyussupova, Aigerim
AU - Boranova, Aigerim
AU - Gaipov, Abduzhappar
AU - Bukasov, Rostislav
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors of this paper acknowledge funding from the Nazarbayev University Collaborative Research Program (CRP) for 2020–2022 (Funder Project Reference: 091019CRP2105 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Excessive protein excretion in human urine is an early and sensitive marker of diabetic nephropathy, primary and secondary renal disease. Kidney problems, particularly chronic kidney disease, remain among the few growing causes of mortality in the world. Therefore, it is important to develop efficient, expressive, and low-cost method for protein determination. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) methods are potential candidates to achieve those criteria. In this paper, the SERS method was developed to distinguish patients with proteinuria and the healthy group. Two types of commercial gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 60 nm and 100 nm were employed to prepare substrates for the analysis of 78 samples of unique patients. Data analysis by the PCA-LDA algorithm, and the ROC curves, gave results for diagnostic figures of merits. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC were 0.79, 0.89, 0.85, and 0.90 for the set with 60 nm Au NPs, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC were 0.79, 0.98, 0.90, and 0.91 for the set with 100 nm Au NPs, respectively. The results show the potential of SERS spectroscopy in differentiating between patients with proteinuria and healthy individuals for clinical diagnostics.
AB - Excessive protein excretion in human urine is an early and sensitive marker of diabetic nephropathy, primary and secondary renal disease. Kidney problems, particularly chronic kidney disease, remain among the few growing causes of mortality in the world. Therefore, it is important to develop efficient, expressive, and low-cost method for protein determination. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) methods are potential candidates to achieve those criteria. In this paper, the SERS method was developed to distinguish patients with proteinuria and the healthy group. Two types of commercial gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 60 nm and 100 nm were employed to prepare substrates for the analysis of 78 samples of unique patients. Data analysis by the PCA-LDA algorithm, and the ROC curves, gave results for diagnostic figures of merits. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC were 0.79, 0.89, 0.85, and 0.90 for the set with 60 nm Au NPs, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC were 0.79, 0.98, 0.90, and 0.91 for the set with 100 nm Au NPs, respectively. The results show the potential of SERS spectroscopy in differentiating between patients with proteinuria and healthy individuals for clinical diagnostics.
KW - Chronic kidney disease CKD
KW - Commercial gold nanoparticles
KW - Proteinuria
KW - Raman spectroscopy
KW - SERS
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U2 - 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100535
DO - 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100535
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85140268179
SN - 2214-1804
VL - 38
JO - Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
JF - Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
M1 - 100535
ER -
