TY - JOUR
T1 - Time-slotted LoRa MAC with variable payload support
AU - Triantafyllou, Anna
AU - Zorbas, Dimitrios
AU - Sarigiannidis, Panagiotis
N1 - Funding Information:
This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 957406 (TERMINET) and from Nazarbayev University Kazakhstan grant No. 11022021FD2916 for the project “DELITMENT: DEterministic Long-range IoT MEsh NeTworks”.
Funding Information:
This work has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 957406 (TERMINET) and from Nazarbayev University Kazakhstan grant No. 11022021FD2916 for the project “DELITMENT: DEterministic Long-range IoT MEsh NeTworks”.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/9/1
Y1 - 2022/9/1
N2 - LoRaWAN is an upcoming Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology for Internet of Things implementations in various application domains. Despite its various advantages, LoRaWAN employs an Aloha-based MAC, which in terms of performance cannot guarantee high packet delivery ratio and low latency. To overcome this issue, we propose a time-slotted scheme, called TS-VP-LoRa, which supports multiple transmission times and packet sizes at the same time. In TS-VP-LoRa, scheduling is coordinated by the LoRa gateway, broadcasting beacon frames periodically for the synchronization of LoRa end-devices. A channel hopping mechanism is also proposed in order to minimize the occurrence of collisions and to evenly split the transmission load among all channels. TS-VP-LoRa is evaluated and compared to three other MAC-layer schemes in single gateway simulation scenarios with up to 500 nodes. The proposed scheme has proven to achieve low latency with high packet delivery ratios, significantly minimize collisions and maintain a relatively low energy consumption despite the scaling of the LoRa network.
AB - LoRaWAN is an upcoming Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology for Internet of Things implementations in various application domains. Despite its various advantages, LoRaWAN employs an Aloha-based MAC, which in terms of performance cannot guarantee high packet delivery ratio and low latency. To overcome this issue, we propose a time-slotted scheme, called TS-VP-LoRa, which supports multiple transmission times and packet sizes at the same time. In TS-VP-LoRa, scheduling is coordinated by the LoRa gateway, broadcasting beacon frames periodically for the synchronization of LoRa end-devices. A channel hopping mechanism is also proposed in order to minimize the occurrence of collisions and to evenly split the transmission load among all channels. TS-VP-LoRa is evaluated and compared to three other MAC-layer schemes in single gateway simulation scenarios with up to 500 nodes. The proposed scheme has proven to achieve low latency with high packet delivery ratios, significantly minimize collisions and maintain a relatively low energy consumption despite the scaling of the LoRa network.
KW - Aloha
KW - LoRa
KW - LoRaWAN
KW - Synchronization
KW - Time-slotted
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U2 - 10.1016/j.comcom.2022.06.043
DO - 10.1016/j.comcom.2022.06.043
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85133827156
SN - 0140-3664
VL - 193
SP - 146
EP - 154
JO - Computer Communications
JF - Computer Communications
ER -
