TY - JOUR
T1 - Twice-weekly dapsone for primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-1 infection
T2 - Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic data
AU - Cruciani, M.
AU - Bertazzoni Minelli, E.
AU - Mirandola, M.
AU - Luzzati, R.
AU - Merighi, M.
AU - Lazzarini, L.
AU - Gatti, G.
AU - Vento, S.
AU - Mazzi, R.
AU - Malena, M.
AU - Benini, A.
AU - Cazzadori, A.
AU - Piemonte, G.
AU - Bassetti, D.
AU - Concia, E.
PY - 1996/8
Y1 - 1996/8
N2 - Objectives: In this study we evaluated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of dapsone given 100 mg twice weekly as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with HIV-1 infection. Methods: This was a prospective open trial, evaluating a total of 55 HIV-1-infected patients with CD4 cell counts below 200/mm3 and without previous episodes of PCP. Plasma concentrations of dapsone were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After a mean follow-up of 471 days, the PCP rates per year of observation were 6.79%. Discontinuation of treatment as a result of severe side effects was required in four patients (7.5%). At steady state, mean plasma concentrations 24, 72, 96 and 144 h following the administration of dapsone were 1.46±0.8, 0.28±0.20, 0.30±0.21 and 0.37±0.27 mg/L, respectively. Dapsone plasma levels showed a high interpatient variability. The values for the pharmacokinetic parameters were comparable to those described for healthy volunteers. Conclusions: The administration of 100 mg twice weekly of dapsone seems appropriate to maintain effective plasma concentrations of the drug and to prevent PCP with good safety in patients with HIV-1-related immunodeficiency.
AB - Objectives: In this study we evaluated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of dapsone given 100 mg twice weekly as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with HIV-1 infection. Methods: This was a prospective open trial, evaluating a total of 55 HIV-1-infected patients with CD4 cell counts below 200/mm3 and without previous episodes of PCP. Plasma concentrations of dapsone were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After a mean follow-up of 471 days, the PCP rates per year of observation were 6.79%. Discontinuation of treatment as a result of severe side effects was required in four patients (7.5%). At steady state, mean plasma concentrations 24, 72, 96 and 144 h following the administration of dapsone were 1.46±0.8, 0.28±0.20, 0.30±0.21 and 0.37±0.27 mg/L, respectively. Dapsone plasma levels showed a high interpatient variability. The values for the pharmacokinetic parameters were comparable to those described for healthy volunteers. Conclusions: The administration of 100 mg twice weekly of dapsone seems appropriate to maintain effective plasma concentrations of the drug and to prevent PCP with good safety in patients with HIV-1-related immunodeficiency.
KW - Dapsone
KW - Pharmacokinetics
KW - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis
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U2 - 10.1111/j.1469-0691.1996.tb00197.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1469-0691.1996.tb00197.x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0343166962
VL - 2
SP - 30
EP - 35
JO - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
JF - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
SN - 1198-743X
IS - 1
ER -