ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ ПОЧЕК И COVID-19: СИСТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

Since its first appearance in December 2019 in Wuhan Province, China, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world, causing an unprecedented pandemic. At the time of writing, more than four hundred million people have contracted the disease and six million people have died. SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, gains cellular access via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (APF2) receptor, which binds to the transmembrane serine protease two protein (TMPRSS2). In humans, APP2 mRNA is expressed in several systems and organs, including the urogenital system, such as, kidney, adrenal gland, ureter, and bladder. Importantly, TMPRSS2 mRNA is also expressed in the kidney, adrenal gland, ureter, and bladder. Thus, the urogenital system possesses a receptor that binds the proteins that give SARS-CoV-2 virion access to cells, making the urogenital system particularly vulnerable to both destruction and changes in function due to COVID-19. Already the first months of life with COVID-19 showed that the main risk factors for a severe course are chronic kidney disease, and fatal outcomes are significantly more frequent in those with chronic kidney failure. It is important to note
that such a combination of pathological conditions is naturally detected in individuals with a reduced immune system. In this review, we present current information on the course of COVID-19 in patients with chronic kidney disease and discuss treatment options for COVID-19 immunodeficiency.